Compare the ways Marvell and Donne use their poems to seduce Essay Example For Students

Compare the ways Marvell and Donne use their poems to seduce Essay The two poems, To His Coy Mistress and The Flea were both written with one thing in mind: seduction. The poems were later labelled as Metaphysical poems, which is a term used for poems that were written in a certain period, usually to seduce, and contained unusual metaphors. The 17th century was a highly religious period, as well as a time when the rich decided to travel around the earth discovering new and unseen land, which gave ground to myths and legends. Marvells To His Coy Mistress uses a syllogistic argument as well as using the carpe diem theme. The thesis is the first section of the poem, in which Marvell drowns the woman in flattery, telling her all the time he would spend idolising her if only they had enough time. The second section of the poem sees Marvell reminding the lady that the time they have is too short to even considering doing all this, the antithesis. This leads to the conclusion that they must make love to one another now, as their time is too precious to waste. The syllogistic argument is similar to the theme of carpe diem. Marvell tells her all the things they could do, although they cant as time casts its restraints over them, so they must seize the day and have sex there and then. Marvell introduces the poem with the rather controversial line, Had we but world enough, and time, which implies right from the start that all the things he is about to describe are unobtainable. He then describes how her coyness is a crime, with the word crime hopefully making the woman feel guilty for wishing to preserve her purity. Marvell then tells the woman they would sit down, and think which way, To walk, implying that they would take their time and get to know each other before deciding what they wanted to do in the future. The next phrase, and pass our long loves day creates the image of an idealistic fairytale romance, as the words nearly force you to prolong them as you say them. This makes the phrase sound more seductive and rhythmic. Marvell then talks to the woman about how she would be able to travel to the Indian Ganges side Shouldst rubies find. India was an exotic place that not many people had travelled to or even knew much about in the 17th century; and rubys were not only expensive, highly glamorous jewels, but they were also believed to preserve your virginity. Marvell explains how he by the tide Of Humber would complain. meaning that he would wait at home, longing to see the woman, as she went off exploring theses tropical places. Marvell then makes the statement: I would Love you ten years before the flood: And you should, if you please, refuse, Till the conversion of the Jews. By the flood, Marvell is referring Noahs flood in the Bible. He proclaims he would love her before this, until the conversion of the Jews which would probably never happen as the Jewish community is highly religious. This is an elaborate way of saying that Marvell would love this woman forever, had he the chance. Marvell then moves onto more sexual imagery, but he does this subtly. My vegetable love should grow Vaster than empires, and more slow. could be received by the woman in two ways. It could be interpreted as how his love for the woman would grow slowly, as does a vegetable or an empire. Another interpretation would be that his vegetable love growing is a reference to his penile erection, with him, rather hyperbolically, telling the woman how large his penis is with the mention of it being vast empires. Marvell then tells the woman: An hundred years should go to praise Thine eyes, and on thy forehead gaze. Two hundred to adore each breast: But thirty thousand to the rest. Marvell is again using hyperbole but this time to give imagery of a much more romantic and less obscene manner. He describes how he would take his time just marvelling at this womans beauty, again immersing her in flattery. He goes on to write And the last age shall show your heart: which is telling her that she not only looks beautiful, but her personality is just as marvellous and important. Marvell draws the first stanza to a close writing For, Lady, you deserve this state; Nor would I love at lower rate. meaning that she deserves all of the above, and he would in no way compromise if he had the time. Marvell begins his antithesis with the word But, which is instantly a sign of the negativity to come. This section of the poem sees Marvell almost scaring the woman into sleeping with him. He uses various morbid pieces of imagery, as well as playing on his mistress guilt. Marvell opens with But at my back I always here Times wingà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½d chariot hurrying near: In Greek mythology, it was believed that Gods would ride across the sky, drawing behind them the day or the night. Marvell is referring to how they were drawing closer, and how their time is running out, scaring the woman into having sex. Marvell then takes a dramatic shift in what hes describing. The lines And yonder all before us lie Deserts of vast eternity. Here Marvell is implying that only death is to come. The line Deserts of vast eternity symbolising death, and how there is only arid, lifeless spaces of nothingness waiting for them. Marvell then goes on to how Thy beauty shall no more be found, meaning that when she is dead, she will lose her current state of physical allure. Nature And Animals in their Poetry EssayThe second part of Donnes poem is a lot more religious than the first. There has been a turn of events in the time since the last stanza, and the woman has decided to try to squash the flea. Donne, being such an opportunist, uses this new situation to convince the woman to sleep with him through guilt and pity. Donne starts again, abruptly: Oh stay, three lives in one flea spare Donne implies that by killing the flea, she would be killing all 3 of them, as the flea has blood from him and her too. Donnes argument becomes more dramatic and religious in the next few lines, and starts to become more explicit: Where wee almost, nay more than maryed are: This flea is you and I, and this Our marriage bed and marriage temple is Donne starts to refer to the flea as a place of religious significance, calling it a marriage temple. Donne then writes about the fact that even if their parents disapprove of them having sex, they could do nothing about this, because theyve already had sex inside the flea as was intended by fate. Donne describes the flea as living walls of Jet, Jet being a black, semi-precious stone; this implies that possibly the flea is not semi-precious too. Donne again ends the stanza with a rhyming triplet: Though use make thee apt to kill mee, Let not to this, selfe murder added bee, And sacrilege,three sinnes in killing three. It was once believed that denial and refusal of a mans desires could kill him. Donne uses this to his advantage, telling the woman that denying him sex is killing him. He then goes on to say that killing the flea would also be killing herself which was extremely frowned upon in the 17th century. Donne ends the section with a very powerful statement using hyperbole, three sinnes in killing three. This is a reference to the holy trinity, and killing the holy trinity (which itself is more of a metaphor than something physical) would be absolute blasphemy, a sacrilege even. This stanza again ends in a rhyming triplet which seems to have become a theme in the poem. The third section is a reaction to the woman who has now killed the flea. He opens with curses aimed at the woman: Cruell and sodaine, hast thou since Purpled thy naile, in blood of innocence? Donne is referring to Christ and his crusifiction with the words naile and blood of innocence, and its also notable the purple is a royal colour. Donne carries on writing about how the flea was innocent, and then prompts the woman with a question: Except in that drop which it suckt from thee? Donne is trying to make the woman say that shes guilty. Donne then writes: Yet thou triumphst, and saist thou Findst not thy selfe, nor mee the weaker now, He is trying now to use her reply to try and finish off his argument by turning it on herself. Donne continues: Tis true, then learne how false fears bee; Just so much honour, when thou yeeldst to mee, Will wast, as this fleas death tooke life from thee. In these concluding lines, Donne uses the fact that the woman has told him that nothing has happened even though she has killed the holy trinity to plead his case for sex. He uses this factor to say that if killing the flea is OK, then it is OK to have sex, as the flea is insignificant, and so is your virginity. The two poems contain various similarities and differences. The most visible similarity is their common goal: to seduce a woman into bed. The way they go about this seduction is very different. Marvell decides to use a carefully structured, syllogistic argument in order to woe his lady; whereas Donnes poem seems very opportunistic, his poem a series of replies to events that are unfolding in front of him. There are also similarities and differences in the imagery used by the poets. Both poems use sexual and religious imagery, something typical of Metaphysical poems. One may argue that Marvell makes less use of hyperbole, focussing strongly on elements of death, time and general romanticism. Donne focuses heavily on theming his imagery around religion and sex, seeming very antagonistic. The poems both use very unusual metaphors throughout, as well as some hyperbole. As I had previously mentioned, Marvells use of hyperbole is far less prominent than Donnes. The metaphors and hyperboles are largely focussed around sex which is again a common feature of Metaphysical poetry. The structure of the poems is, on the surface, very similar. They both contain 3 parts, separated into stanzas. This, however, is where the similarities end. Marvells poem very gradually builds up, starting with very romantic imagery and ending in very sexual imagery. Contrarily, Donne delves straight in, with use of very sexual themes as well as very religious ones. This leads well onto my final point, Marvell is far more romantic than Donne. He uses for more romantic themes, as well as less aggressive imagery. Donne tries to win his woman with hyperbole, guilt and intelligence as opposed to flattery. Which of the two methods would have proved more successful is debatable, but both poets put forth very strong arguments to plead their case for sex. The poems, successful in their aims or not, were before their time and very forward thinking. They contributed to the very sexually open society we live in today, exposing 17th century women to the true power of seductive poetry.

The Orgin Of The Species By Charles Darwin (1809-1882) Essays

The Orgin of the Species by Charles Darwin (1809-1882) The Orgin of the Species by Charles Darwin (1809-1882) Type of Work: Natural history text First Published 1859 Complete Title The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection , or the Preservation of Favored Races in the Struggle for Life Book Historical Commentary Charles Robert Darwin, the grandson of the English scientist Erasmus Darwin, studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and prepared for the ministry at Cambridge. Following his abiding interest in natural history, however, he became a naturalist and sailed in this capacity on the H.M.S. Beagle from 1831 to 1838. The Beagle's expedition took Darwin to various Southern Pacific islands and to the coasts of South America and Australia. Returning to England, Darwin became the secretary of the Geological Society and, in 1840, published a treatise, "Zoology of the Voyage of the Beagle." At this time he met Sir Charles Lyell, who encouraged him to write about his inbreeding experiments and to expound on his theory of evolution by natural selection. Later, in 1844, Darwin received from a fellow naturalist, Alfred Wallace, notes outlining a theory - parallel to, but independent of, his own - on natural selection. Darwin carried on his research and, in 1858, published an essay delineating his own evolutionary theory along with Wallace's findings. The following year, The Origin of Species appeared. The book's first edition sold out in one day, stirring an immediate clamor of controversy. It is still recognized as one of the most disputed yet important works of biological study Darwin went on to publish The Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants (1865), The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication (1868), The Descent of Man (1871), and Selection in Relation to Sex (1871). The Origin of Species has powerfully influenced nearly every contemporary field of scientific and philosophical study: biology, literature, law, psychology, sociology, theology, and other fields of intellectual pursuit. Despite the length and weighty content of Darwin's work, the text is remarkably easy reading. Unfortunately, through all the tempest and fanfare that have followed it for almost one and a half centuries, few have actually studied its pages. Text Summary Early on in Darwin's first five-year voyage on the Beagle, he observed that, despite the distances between the remote areas he visited, the varieties of flora and fauna he found were similar in structure and function. This led him to develop his idea that species were not immutable, but were forced to adapt to their ever-changing environments. In his introduction to the first edition of The Origin of Species, Darwin noted: "I was much struck with certain facts in the distribution of the [plant and animal] inhabitants of South America, and in the geological relations of the present to the past inhabitants of that continent. These facts seemed to throw some light on the origin of the species - that mystery of mysteries, as it has been called by one of our greatest philosophers." After over twenty years of further research, Darwin published his findings. Like all scientists, Darwin built his theory upon those of his predecessors. However, scientific opinion was always and remains - somewhat divided as to what contribution the theory makes to the biological sciences. Throughout the book, Darwin openly admits to the possibility of error and the need for further investigation; he is careful to point out that the idea of evolution by natural selection is"one of long argument." To comprehend the vast amount of information contained in the work, one must examine it in its entirety. Still, this sampling of chapter headings and brief content summaries may provide some general information. Chapter II: Variation Under Nature Variations within a species are indistinguishable at first, but gradually may develop into differences that can restrict one group', range or ability to obtain food or escape predators ... Thus, "varieties tend to become converted into new and distinct species ... and throughout nature the forms of life which are now dominant tend to become still more dominant by leaving any modified and dominant descendants." Chapter III: Struggle for Existence "... When a plant or animal is placed in a new country amongst new competitors, the conditions of its life will generally be changed in an essential manner....... If its average numbers are to increase...... we should have to give it some advantage over a different set of competitors or enemies." Each organic being is striving to multiply to be vigorous, healthy, and to survive - often at the expense of members of its own species or those of a competing species. Chapter IV: Natural Selection; or the Survival of the Fittest The "fitness" of a species is modified by several different processes.

Enterprise systems Essay Essays

Enterprise systems Essay Essays Enterprise systems Essay Essay Enterprise systems Essay Essay Enterprise systems are complex and must be tailored to the organisation they are being implemented in. Common challenges in edifice endeavor systems include specifications and demands finding. interlingual rendition of specifications and demands into concern regulations that can be followed by the endeavor system and preparation and conformity issues. The most of import facet of an endeavor system is the concern regulations on which it is based. In order to find these concern regulations. the system developer must take the specifications and demands provided by the users and direction and transform them into machine patterns. However. garnering the specifications and demands can be a ambitious procedure. Enterprise systems are supposed to pattern the patterns of the human resources of the endeavor – for illustration. if a occupation offer is made to an applier and accepted. the HR subsystem will necessitate to execute certain undertakings. like employment verification. informing the supervisor of the start day of the month. originating benefits allotment and whatever other undertakings have been set out for it. Often organisations attempt to pattern a old procedure wholly within the endeavor system. utilizing work instructions. manuals and guidelines to find the right process for a given undertaking. However. if the organisation has a high investing in silent cognition ( cognition which is non written down. but is passed from individual to individual in an â€Å"apprentice† manner ) . these paperss may be deficient to reflect the full procedure flow. In order to avoid losing silent cognition during the execution of explicit concern processes. it is of import to use personal interviews and observation every bit good as scrutiny of formal paperss when finding specifications and demands. After specifications and demands have been determined. a secondary challenge is interpreting the specifications and demands into concern regulations for processing by the endeavor system. These interlingual renditions are non ever wholly obvious. and inaccurate or imprecise specifications can frequently do the system to act in unexpected ways. For illustration. if a concern regulation that proctors industry statistics in order to foretell market conditions misses a deciding factor. it may foretell inaccurately. These consequences may non be obvious until it is excessively late. peculiarly if there is no human inadvertence of the system. In order to forestall inaccurate or uncomplete interlingual rendition of specifications and demands to concern regulations. human inadvertence of the operation of the system should be provided. One concluding trouble in developing and implementing endeavor systems is non with the system itself. but with its users. Enterprise systems are a paradigm displacement in operations direction for most organisations. and considerable opposition can be demonstrated by some employees. who may experience the system is excessively complex. inaccurate or merely unserviceable. The developer of an endeavor system must pull off the alteration for the users every bit good as implement the system. Expectations direction and preparation should be used to pull off this alteration. User’s outlooks should be managed so that they are sensible – a system should neer be sold as â€Å"solving all the problems† . because the complexness of execution means that things will likely acquire more complicated for a clip. instead than less. Thorough preparation in the usage of the system should besides be offered ; in order for the endeavor system to be to the full effectual. users must understand how. when and why to use the system for best consequences. and how to execute their undertakings within the system efficaciously.

Home Computer Privacy essays

Home Computer Privacy essays Some say that the world is a dangerous place. When it comes to computers, thats not necessarily true. With every new virus or hacked web page on the Internet, there will be a new way to fight back and secure privacy. Some people are also concerned about large companies and government invading privacy although there really is no need for great concern. Home computers are relatively safe from Big Brother. Cookies are small files planted on Internet users computers by web pages to track their web browsing habits (Slover C8). They allow companies to send users targeted ads that correspond with the information about them in their databases. Almost anything users fill out on the Internet will be linked to their computer with a cookie. But critics say that hackers have a slim chance of reading your cookies. Another possible threat on the Internet is data brokers. Data brokers are people who collect information about others and sell it to anyone with a few dollars claiming to be a landlord or private investigator (Eckhouse 91). They get their information from phone directories; birth, marriage, divorce, death, property tax and drivers license records; credit bureaus; and other assorted databases. Internet users also need to be careful when they fill out surveys and forms on the Internet. They are all over websites. This information often gets sold to large companies and data brokers. It is looking like there will be many changes in privacy in the near future. The National Security Agency wants to put a chip in every telephone and modem allowing them to remotely spy on the public (Jackson 33). They hope for telephone and modem manufactures to design their products so that only infected telephones and modems can communicate with other infected telephones and modems thus forcing the public to by their products. They also want to do this wi ...

Women in abusive relationships Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Women in abusive relationships - Research Paper Example Abuse in relationships is of varied forms like, sexual assault, physical violence as well as emotional torment. However, there have been intense debates as to why abusive relationships still exist and why others find it hard to give up on their abusive partners. In many instances, studies show women find it hard to put off abusive relationships where they find themselves as victims (Bracken, 2008). Therefore, they make hard decisions to persevere and suffer in silence. The latter has adverse effects to women who find themselves as victims as well as people around her. For instance, her concentration at work is lost and at times, her children may suffer from the emotional setbacks due to their mother. However, women usually have diverse ways of reacting to abusive relationships (Evans, 2010). Among them include various factors which they safeguard if they choose to be out of those relationships like children or desperation (Stark, 2007). However, interventions of such organizations an d programs have not been enough to curb the menace because the statistics are still high. The main question that comes from these results is what is the main solution to curb the vice? Thesis: Various factors lead to intimate partner violence in the world where the female gender usually comprise majority of the victims in those relationships despite preferring to stay in them for varied reasons. As various institutions, programs and organizations to fight the menace continue to increase, the number of women in abusive relationships is significantly quite evident. Hence, prompting the unlikely question that pops up concerning why women involve themselves in abusive relationships (Hatcher, 2013). One would ask what attracts women to relationships where they experience assault. In many circumstances, women find themselves at the receiving end of an abusive spouse mainly because they lack proper financial support on their part. In most cases, women think usually thing of good lifestyle, which they will enjoy and how they stand to benefit from the marriage (Hatcher, 2013). Because of the latter idea, they involve themselves into abusive marriages blindly not knowing of potential repercussions of their actions. Additionally, researchers cite that a spouse who have become victims or witnessed abuse in their family origin, in many instances learn from the menace and become violent to their spouses.(Stark, 2007). However, the theory is also not widely supported because it does not explain how victims of child abuse or partner violence amongst parent end up being violent against their spouses in future. Research done in various countries indicate that there is a persistent increased risk of intimate partner violence among women who have been on the receiving end of child abuse or witnessed abusive relationships among their parents. Scientists explain the latter through PTSD symptoms, which encompasses of childhood trauma (Evans, 2010). Childhood trauma often occurs in t he wake of an abusive relationship and often combined with depression, which may make it more difficult to escape from an abusive relationship once it occurs (Bracken, 2008). Scientists also show that PTSD or depression may lead to decrease in the ability for someone to recognize and respond to signals of danger. The mental distortion in most cases puts these women at risk of future victimization thus decreasing their chances of escaping after being with an abusive partner. This implies women who are victims of childhood trauma may not only be targets of partner abuse by spouses but also tend to be more likely to

Sustainable management future Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sustainable management future - Assignment Example Sustainability, however, attempts to achieve all three elements simultaneously. Sustainability is increasingly becoming popular amongst consumers who are now demanding retailers to adhere to sustainable principles. Further insight reveals that the proportion of ethical consumers has risen over the years in the U.K. To this end, the proportion has risen from 36% in 2004 to 40% in 2007 (Ipsos MORI, 2007). However, a significant factor that hinders ethical purchases is that of price. Increasingly, consumers have suggested that highly sustainable products come at a price premium. Therefore, consumers prefer sustainable products, only if they are not sold at a premium price. John Lewis has incorporated sustainability into every aspect of its operations, particularly its partnerships. The company has a well developed framework for CSR and sustainability under which it operates which includes its compliance with all regulatory measures, the maintenance of a transparent governance structure, keeping all stakeholders on board as well as mitigation of risk. As far as CSR is concerned, there are three major schools of thought. John Lewis applies neither the classical Bowen nor the Friedman view solely. The Bowen’s school states that giving back to the society ought to be the aim of a business’s existence (Bowd et al., 2006). Albert Carr took this view to its extreme by stating that businesses ought to achieve profits at any cost (Bowd et al., 2006).John Lewis does not follow this view since doing so would leave little incentive for running the business; that is, â€Å"profits†. The company is certainly not a charity or a non-profit concern; it is very much a profit making entity catering to various product offerings while differentiating itself from its competitors. The other view is Friedman’s view which states that the sole purpose of businesses is to generate profits and that organizations are best run by the interests of its owners (Bowd et al., 2006). Friedman indicated that social responsibility is not the arena of businesses and is the sole domain of the government, NGOs and the individuals. John Lewis does not adhere to Friedman’s principles in isolation because it engages in extensive CSR activities; â€Å"green sourcing†, 15% reduction in carbon footprint over 10 years, ? 8.8 million donation to charities to name a few. The perspective followed by John Lewis is the CSR’s theory that has been set in stark contrast to Milton Friedman’s view that the only objective that an organization should have is maximisation of profits. This view states that CSR is best achieved by switching from a purely altruistic view of relationships with stakeholders to one where the CSR activities are tied to organizational performance (Bowd et al., 2006). This is reflected in the stringent long term targets set by John Lewis. For instance, 98% of its current energy consumption is from renewable sources (John Lewis Partnership, 2011). The company has also targeted the elimination of use of non-renewable plastics in packaging along with sustainable interiors in construction by applying

Applications of Data Mining in the areas of Marketing Communications Essay Example for Free

Applications of Data Mining in the areas of Marketing Communications Essay Introduction In the information age, technological advancements have facilitated the collection of large amounts of information on various fields to include military intelligence, scientific and business data amongst several others. Computers are able to sort out this data with the aid of database management systems. Data can be classified according to predefined criteria. Data mining involves the extraction of implicit and useful information from databases. Use of relational databases is more helpful in the sense that it allows linkage with the structured query language (SQL) that allows for predicting, comparison and the determination of variations (Che, Han Yu, 1996). In websites, this technology is used by businesses in crawling through web pages and collect information that enables the organization to enhance business, analyze the market trends and utilize the information obtained to their best interest (Web Data Mining, 2013). Applications of Data Mining In the Areas of Marketing Communications, Public Relations and Corporate Communications With the development of business intelligence, corporate management through the use of data marts and reporting software can obtain data from any region or field of interest in computer readable form in a relatively short time. It uses this data to forecast on future market expectation and consumer trends. Through its models and tools, managers are able to predict future events (Web Data Mining, 2013). It allows the analysis of past records and marketing to tailor and narrow target audience. It also helps in the determination of marketing methods; in the end, it increases revenue on sales with fewer campaigns. Data mining can predict consumer behavior, the psychology of the consumer, behavior while shopping, influence of business environment on consumers and consumer motivation depending on the importance of the product.   The products sold to consumers provide data on items how they are positioned. Data mining analyzes consumption patterns, for instance, during festive seasons to find out which products sell more and the association between one product and another. It is common to associate the purchase of bread with butter (Raorane Kulkarni, 2011).Association is utilized in making decisions in cross marketing. Through web crawling information on consumer preferences are collected, their purchase records are used in making inventory decisions and analysis of fraudulent payments (Web Data Mining, 2013). Data mining can be categorized according to the data that is collected, in businesses the identification of high profit and low risk customers is an important task for business owners, customers can be segmented with associated characteristics as loyalty and other traits. This is useful in marketing and customer relationship management (Rajagopal, 2011). Accuracy is how often models get their predictions right while reliability is a measure of consistency of the model. Validation is done to determine how models perform against real data; quality and characteristics of a data mining model must be evaluated before deployment. However, data mining models are considered reliable if they generate the same type of predictions and return the same pattern of findings regardless of the test data. Reliability in data mining is also dependent on the skill, knowledge and the ingenuity of the analyst. Meaningful relations between variables can be extracted from databases in complex formats that are unachievable through manual systems. However, reliability is no longer assured in data mining due to its complex heterogeneous and dynamic nature. It is necessary to incorporate preventive measures to safeguard data validity and integrity (Kavulya, Gandhi, Narasimhan, 2008). Conclusion Data mining is an effective tool in fields as medicine, marketing and crime prevention amongst many others. The use of computers has seen this lessen the time required for researches. The tools and models it utilizes are very helpful in business in determining and predicting consumer trends and consumption patterns that were unknown in the past. This seeks to promote revenues with little campaigns. Additionally, the use of web data mining allows businessmen to monitor consumer patterns, clusters and associations for inventory purposes. However, this technique may not be completely reliable, this depends on the skills of the user and preventive measures installed checking on reliability. Through legislation and technological interventions these issues can be alleviated. References Kavulya, S., Gandhi, R. Narasimhan, P. (2008). Gumshoe: Perspective. IEEE Trans. Knowledge and Data Engineering, 8 (1), pp. 866-883. Rajagopal, S. (2011). Customer data clustering using data mining technique. International journal of Database Management Systems, 3(4), pp. 1-9. Raorane, A Kulkarni, R.V. (2001). Data mining techniques: a source for consumer behavior analysis. Retrieved November 13, 2014 from: http://arxiv.org/pdf/1109.1202.pdf Web data mining. (2013). Predictive analytics and data mining. Retrieved November 13, 2014 from: http://www.web-datamining.net/analytics/